This animation goes through a very basic explanation of how the Humoral Immune Response works. Beginning with the Activation phase the macrophage engulfs an antigen by phagocytosis the process continues with the phagosome being broken apart through lysosome enzymes. With the antigen broken apart the processed antigens are combined with class II MHC proteins and are presented on the surface of the macrophage, known as antigen presentation and macrophages are considered the antigen presenting cells. Helper T cells enter the picture and bind to the particular presented antigen triggering the macrophage to release cytokine interleukin-1 this activates the helper T cells to multiply forming clones for the specific antigenic determinant of the original antigen. The Effector phase is where the B cells come into play and the process repeats, new clones are made some memory and some plasma.
This is a very good animation, to watch it click on the animation button then click on narration, then play. Have Fun
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